Data Centre Water Solutions

The Path to Net-Zero WUE

As AI and hyperscale data centres emerge as among Southeast Asia’s fastest-growing industrial water consumers, the pressure on freshwater resources, cooling reliability, and ESG compliance continues to intensify. Suntar delivers integrated water resilience solutions for mission-critical infrastructure through end-to-end water treatment systems.

Our solutions convert alternative water sources — including reclaimed wastewater, seawater, and cooling tower blowdown — into treated and high-purity process water for cooling and liquid-cooling applications. Through a multi-barrier treatment strategy, Suntar protects cooling tower make-up water against scaling, ionic contamination, and biofouling, while advanced high-purity systems safeguard liquid-cooled GPU infrastructure against cold plate blockage, corrosion, and microbial contamination.

From modular DCBox™ and DesalBox™ systems that can be rapidly deployed and commissioned within weeks, to fully engineered Water Treatment Plants with built-in N+1 redundancy, Suntar’s solutions are designed to scale with facility growth while supporting phased capital investment.

Backed by more than 400 completed projects, 27 BOT plants with over 20 years of operational experience, and a comprehensive service model spanning consultation, engineering, construction, operations & maintenance, and emergency contingency support, Suntar delivers reliable water infrastructure with measurable ESG outcomes, including freshwater displacement, blowdown recovery, and support for local discharge compliance requirements across Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, and Saudi Arabia.

NEWater for Datacenters

Data centres are expected to become Southeast Asia’s largest industrial water consumers.

A 300 MW campus draws 15,840 m³/day — equivalent to a city of 65,000 people.

AI‑dense data center racks will further increase cooling and water demands, making it increasingly challenging for potable water sources to meet the needs of large campus deployments. Leveraging alternative water sources can offer a more operationally sustainable approach while also being responsible toward local communities and the environment.

Suntar provides the end-to-end water infrastructure that keeps high-density data centers operational and compliant. We bridge the gap between municipal water scarcity and cooling demands by transforming non-traditional sources — seawater, reclaimed wastewater, and cooling tower blowdown — into ultra-pure process water.

From modular plug-and-play systems to large-scale treatment plants, we deliver the high-purity water required to protect hardware while meeting strict WHO drinking water and ESG standards.

The diagram illustrates the water and cooling cycle within a data centre HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air conditioning) system, incorporating water treatment, cooling and energy reuse, and highlights the integration point of Suntar's solution.

Membrane Solutions for Pre-Treatment

Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration (UF):

Delivers reliable removal of fine suspended solids, colloids, and bacteria — protecting downstream systems and enhancing overall treatment performance. Available in both standard PVDF and graphene enhanced PVDF formulations, Suntar’s graphene enhanced membranes deliver superior fouling resistance — maintaining stable flux and extending service life under high-load conditions.

Graphene Membrane Bioreactor (MBR):

Integrates biological treatment with membrane filtration to produce high-quality effluent through effective removal of organic substances, and with a smaller footprint suited to constrained data centre sites. Suntar offers both standard and graphene-enhanced PVDF MBR membranes, with the graphene-enhanced option improving fouling resistance and reducing cleaning frequency for more consistent, lower-maintenance operation.

Spiral Wound Reverse Osmosis (RO):

Deployed in the final treatment stage to effectively remove dissolved salts and trace contaminants — delivering high-purity water suitable for reuse in cooling tower make-up and liquid cooling systems.

Post-Treatment & Storage

Polishes reclaimed water for reuse in cooling systems and ensure that water is readily available due to a high storage time.

Monitoring & Automation

Integrated control systems ensure consistent performance and remote monitoring capabilities.

 

1. Zero-Risk Cooling: Our Multi-Barrier Defense Strategy

Suntar’s Zero-Risk Cooling strategy is built on a Dual-Loop Isolation approach that creates a “physical firewall” between unstable water sources and mission-critical AI hardware. By combining advanced membrane and biological treatment, Suntar converts alternative water sources into reliable cooling water for the Volume Loop, while maintaining ultra-pure conditions in the Purity Loop to prevent scaling, corrosion, biofouling, and metallurgical decay. The result is a resilient, high-availability cooling ecosystem designed to protect GPU infrastructure while supporting rapid deployment, with on-site Water Treatment Plants commissioned in as little as 6–8 months.

2. Treating Every Stream. Protecting Every Loop.

The Challenge — Make-Up Water: Sourcing Beyond the Tap

As AI data centre expansion accelerates, water demand is increasingly outpacing municipal supply capacity, driving operators toward alternative water sources such as recycled wastewater, seawater, and groundwater. While essential for sustainability and long-term water security, these sources introduce complex risks including biological contamination, dissolved solids, scaling minerals, and ionic impurities. Ensuring reliable cooling performance therefore requires carefully engineered multi-barrier treatment systems that combine technologies such as biological treatment, ultrafiltration (UF), and reverse osmosis (RO) to deliver stable, cost-optimized cooling water without compromising operational reliability.

The Solution — Three Source Pathways

Wastewater Recycling

Transforming municipal effluent into high-grade cooling make-up water through A/O treatment, MBR, and RO systems that remove biological contaminants, dissolved solids, and ionic impurities — enabling Water Positive operations in water-stressed regions.

Seawater Desalination

High-recovery SWRO systems convert seawater into reliable cooling water for coastal data centre hubs. UF and RO work together to remove suspended solids, salts, and minerals while minimizing energy consumption and maximizing supply resilience.

Groundwater Purification

Advanced treatment solutions for bore-well and deep-well sources, designed to reduce hardness, silica, iron, and turbidity that contribute to scaling and cooling inefficiencies, ensuring stable and consistent cooling tower performance.

3. Blowdown Recovery — From Waste to Make-Up Water

The Challenge

Data centers lose an average of 10–30% of their water intake to cooling tower blowdown — a significant “leak” that often goes unaddressed. In an era where municipal taps are strained and regulations are tightening, this waste stream has become a high-impact lever for improving Water Usage Effectiveness (WUE). By reclaiming 50-65% of blowdown as high-purity make-up water, Suntar’s systems allow operators to fundamentally reduce freshwater procurement and meet the stringent requirements of “Water Positive” mandates.
 
The technical challenge lies in managing the concentrated dissolved solids and ions that accumulate during evaporation. By precisely increasing the Cycles of Concentration (CoC), Suntar’s technology not only reduces freshwater demand and discharge fees but also minimizes chemical dosing requirements. Higher CoC means less water discharged — and lower freshwater procurement cost.
 
For the operator, this translates to a right-sized, resilient infrastructure that grows with the cooling load — turning a hidden operational risk into a measurable environmental asset and a cornerstone of ESG disclosure.

The Solution

Treatment process: UF → RO → optional disinfection → Cooling Tower make-up

4. Liquid Cooling Integrity — Purity at the Point of Heat

The Challenge

As AI workloads push cooling systems beyond the limits of traditional air cooling, liquid cooling has become essential for high-density compute environments. However, the ultra-pure internal loop operates with zero tolerance for contamination, making water quality critical to system reliability. Suntar addresses the three major risks to liquid cooling performance — micro-channel blockage, microbial biofilm formation, and corrosion caused by coolant degradation — through advanced high-purity water treatment and multi-stage filtration technologies that protect GPUs, cold plates, and heat exchangers from thermal failure and long-term performance loss.

The Solution

A multi-stage high-purity treatment process integrated with the liquid cooling loop to prevent particulate fouling, microbial growth, and corrosion, ensuring stable thermal performance, extended hardware lifespan, and reliable operation for AI-density infrastructure.

5. Modular box solutions. Rapid deployment without compromise.

For fast-track deployments and scalable infrastructure growth, Suntar’s modular DCBox™ and DesalBox™ systems provide compact, plug-and-play water treatment solutions with minimal civil works and rapid commissioning. Factory-tested and fully relocatable, these containerized units support phased expansion without operational disruption while maintaining the high-purity standards required for AI-density cooling systems.

DCBox™
Designed for CTBD recycling and liquid cooling supply, DCBox™ utilizes advanced RO treatment to remove dissolved solids and ionic contaminants, delivering reliable high-purity water with real-time remote monitoring of system performance and water quality.

DesalBox™
Engineered for seawater make-up water and liquid cooling applications, DesalBox™ combines pressurized UF and high-pressure RO desalination to convert seawater into high-purity cooling water, supported by continuous remote monitoring for operational reliability.

6. Multiphased: From Design to Deployment

For large-scale treatment capacities where containerized systems become less economical, Suntar’s engineered Water Treatment Plants (WTPs) provide a scalable, long-term infrastructure solution tailored for hyperscale campuses. Designed to align with phased capital expansion, the system enables operators to increase treatment capacity progressively as cooling demand grows — minimizing stranded capital and optimizing site utilization.

Key Features

 

  • Design & Build Turnkey Delivery — Full scope from engineering design, regulatory submission, construction coordination, equipment supply, installation, and commissioning.
  • N+1 Redundancy Standard — Every WTP is designed with built-in N+1 redundancy to ensure Tier 3 operational resilience throughout all expansion phases.
  • Phased Modular Expansion — Independent treatment trains allow seamless capacity scaling without disrupting existing operations or overbuilding infrastructure upfront.

6. From Consultation to Contingency.

01 — Consultation: Feasibility & Regulatory Submission

Suntar manages feasibility studies, authority submissions, and approval processes to secure water and environmental permits — reducing delays in project execution.

02 — Design: Technical System Engineering

Comprehensive design covering water surveys, treatment processes, civil & structural (C&S), mechanical & electrical (M&E) works, intake systems, and water distribution infrastructure.

03 — Supply & Install: Delivery & Commissioning

Factory-tested systems are delivered site-ready to minimize installation time and civil works, with full commissioning, operator training, remote monitoring, and real-time reporting included.

04 — O&M: Operations & Maintenance

Dedicated on-site operational support with SLA-backed commitments covering plant availability, water quality compliance, preventive maintenance, consumables management, and continuous remote monitoring.

05 — Contingency: Emergency Water Supply

Pre-agreed emergency tanker supply and response plans based on site location and cooling criticality, ensuring operational continuity under unexpected supply disruptions.

7. Water stewardship is a license to scale.

Data centres operating under water and power constraints require treatment systems that are measurable, reportable, and operationally reliable. Suntar’s solutions are designed to support ESG and sustainability goals from the first litre treated — with every volume recovered, reused, and discharged continuously monitored and reportable.

  • Freshwater Reduction — Alternative water sources such as reclaimed water, blowdown, and seawater reduce dependence on municipal supply, supporting auditable reporting under frameworks including CDP Water Security and Global Reporting Initiative GRI 303.
  • Water Recovery — CTBD recycling systems recover and reuse cooling tower blowdown as make-up water, lowering freshwater consumption and discharge volumes while supporting water-positive initiatives and climate risk reporting frameworks.
  • Discharge Compliance — Suntar systems are engineered to consistently meet local environmental discharge standards, providing documented compliance records for ESG reporting and regulatory submissions across regional operating jurisdictions.

Why We are Your Preferred Solutions Provider?

Design Experience:

  • Deep design experience for multi-phase data centre water reclamation projects with scalability and flexibility requirements.


Engineering Capabilities:

  • Proven track record in delivering large scale water treatment projects on time and on cost around the world.


Technology Portfolio:

  • Comprehensive technology portfolio of water treatment technologies to tackle challenges present in different water sources.

Feasibility Studies:

  • Localized project personnel to evaluate water supply options and navigate engagements with water operators and govt agencies such as JSW, IWK, PWA, PUB etc. for licensing and permit requirements


Business
Impact:

  • Competitive CAPEX and OPEX via innovative and proven solutions.
  • High-quality and reliable water supply that helps cooling systems maintain optimal operating temperatures in data centres, ensuring system stability and preventing downtime.

Contact Suntar

Connect with us today for any questions or inquiries about our company, products, solutions, career opportunities, or sustainability initiatives. Our dedicated team is ready to assist you at every stage. Your feedback is our priority, please feel free to reach out.

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